Maternal & Perinatal Risk Factors Associated with Preterm Delivery-A Hospital Based Study

Abstract

Introduction: Prematurity is the foremost cause of death in children, and in almost all countries, preterm birth is increasing significantly. It is the main clinical episode that can rework a normal pregnancy into a high-threat one for both the fetus and the mother. Preterm labours are caused by a combination of factors, including decidual bleeding and uterine deformation. Aim of the
study: The study aimed to identify the maternal and perinatal risk factors associated with preterm birth. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from January 2015 to June 2015. 100 mothers were enrolled in the study. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for
data collection. Statistical analyses were performed by using the Statistical Package for Social sciences version 16.0 for Windows (SPSS 16). Result: Most of the mother’s (61,61.0%) ages ranged from twenty-one to thirty. The majority of the mothers (62,62%)
had multipara. Fifty-one mothers (51,51%) had a normal vaginal delivery & forty-nine mothers (49,49.0%) underwent caesarean section. Infection was the most prevalent maternal complication, present in fifty-three mothers (53,53.0%). Urinary tract infection
(UTI) (30,30.0%) had the second highest prevalence. Among the ninety-nine neonates born alive in the present study, thirty-five neonates (35,35.0%) had respiratory distress syndrome, and thirty-three neonates had (33.33.0%) sepsis. Neonatal death was 61%, and the most common cause of neonatal death was septicemia, tailed by respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: Most of the patients did not receive a proper antenatal check-up. Infection and pre-eclampsia were the most common maternal complications. Septicemia and respiratory distress syndrome were the most common cause of perinatal death. The purpose of the prevention of the risk of preterm birth is subordinate to the objective of enhanced perinatal morbidity and mortality.