A Comparative Study to See The Pregnancy Outcome of Oligohydramnios And Normal Amniotic Volume at Term

Abstract

Introduction: Oligohydramnios, reduced amniotic fluid, raises risks like growth issues, birth complications, and abnormalities. Detecting and managing it early can cut perinatal problems, mortality, and cesarean rates, improving both maternal and fetal outcomes. Timely interventions for oligohydramnios can significantly enhance the overall well-being of both mother and baby. Aim of the study: This study aimed to compare the pregnancy outcome of oligohydramnios and normal amniotic volume at term. Methods and Materials: Conducted between July to December 2014, this case-control study examined 50 third-trimester pregnant patients with Oligohydramnios alongside 50 randomly chosen controls with normal amniotic levels from Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital. Selection followed set criteria, and comprehensive history, examinations, and investigations were conducted through convenient consecutive sampling. Oligohydramnios diagnosis was based on AFI measurements. Results: Both the rate of incidence of oligohydramnios and operative morbidity were higher in primipara cases. The selected outcomes showed significant variations in both groups. There were statistically significant increased chances of FHR decelerations (SD 6.07and mean value), thick meconium, low Apgar score at 5 minutes, birth weight <2.5 kg, admission to NICU, congenital anomalies and neonatal mortality in patients with oligohydramnios. The most common reason to perform a cesarean was fetal distress. Oligohydramnios were related to a higher rate of neonatal ward admission. Conclusion: A high rate of intrapartum complications and ‘perinatal morbidity and mortality’ are associated with oligohydramnios. To reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality, intensive fetal surveillance, and proper ‘antepartum and intrapartum’ care is essential.