Epilepsy, a common sequelae in Children with Cerebral Palsy — A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most ordinary motor disability in childhood. It is defined as non-progressive and changing disorders of movement and posture. Basically, cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that affect a person’s ability to move, balance and posture. On the other hand, epilepsy is a frequent association that affects the brain and causes recurrent seizures. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the types and nature of epilepsy among children with cerebral palsy. Methods and materials: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2020 to December 2020. This study was screening by definitive assessment of history, clinical, GMFCS level, MACS level, and CT scan of head. Results: In this study, in analyzing the types of CP of the participants we observed that, 8 (16%) had spastic hemiplegia, 6 (12%) had spastic diplegia, 27 (54%) had spastic quadriplegia, 3 (6%) had dyskinetic and mixed events were found in 6 (12%). On the other hand, among CP without epilepsy cases 21(21%), 36(36%), 15(15%), 1(11%) and 17(17%) were with hemiplegia, spastic diplegia, quadriplegia, dyskinetic and mixed respectively. 56.0% had age at onset of epileptic seizure less than 12 months. Conclusion: Among CP cases epilepsy is most common in spastic quadriplegic CP. Generalized and syndromic epilepsy is a more common type of epilepsy in spastic quadriplegic CP. Focal epilepsy is more common in spastic hemiplegia CP. Epilepsy is earlier age of onset.