Lactose Intolerance among <5 years Children with Diarrhoea Admitted in the Paediatric Ward of a Medical College Hospital in a Rural Area of Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction: Gastrointestinal disorders are a major health concern, especially in infants and young children. Laboratory tests, particularly sugar tests, are vital for diagnosing carbohydrate malabsorption. This study focused on assessing lactose intolerance in children under 5 with diarrhea admitted to Kumudini Hospital's pediatric ward. Methods & Materials: The study examined lactose intolerance in children under 5 admitted to Kumudini Hospital's pediatric ward for diarrhea from October 2023 to March 2024. Using a cross-sectional design and convenience sampling, data were collected through parental consent, covering demographics, medical history, and lactose tolerance tests. SPSS 26 was used for analysis to guide clinical management and dietary advice. Results: The study examined 180 individuals, predominantly aged 7-24 months (81.7%), with 59.4% males and 40.6% females. Most identified as Muslim (92.2%), with 60.6% weighing 8-11 kg. Maternal education varied, with 58.9% having secondary education. Family income was mainly within 5000-25000 BDT (65.55%). Breast milk and complementary feeding were the most common feeding practices (32.8%). Stool Reducing Substance test done in 106 patients (58.9%). The laboratory findings revealed positive in 38 patients (35.8%), and negative in 68 patients (64.2%). In the stool acidity test, acidic results were predominant, with 106 cases (100.0%). while most sugar tests showed trace green (65.8%), with fewer orange and red results. Conclusion: Early detection and appropriate management of lactose intolerance can lead to improved outcomes and reduced morbidity in affected children.