Evaluation of Risk Factors of Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) in SBMCH

Abstract

Background: Premature Rupture of membrane (PROM) refers to a patient who is beyond 37 weeks gestation and has presented with rupture of membranes prior to the onset of labor. Preterm Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is rupture of membranes prior to 37 weeks gestation. Clinical factors associated with PROM include low socioeconomic status, low body mass index, tobacco use, history of preterm labor, urinary tract infection, history of cerclage operation and amniocentesis, vaginal bleeding at any time in pregnancy. Objectives: To find out the risk factors of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) cases. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Sher-EBangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal. Women admitted in labor and antenatal ward with premature rupture of membranes after completion of 28 weeks of gestation. Total 100 patients were included. Data were collected by predesigned data collection sheet. Data were analyzed by using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 14. Results: In this study the risk factors of PROM had been identified in 56% cases. Among them, most common associated disease was found urinary tract infection 37.50%, next common was found lower genital tract infection (19.64%). Relevant past obstetrics history was found in 38% of cases and 75% women
reported about last sexual contact within 01 week before development of PROM 56% of PROM patient were multigravida and 89% belonged to below average income group. About one-Third (72%) of the patient were in the age group of 21-30 years, of which most were housewives (62%). Majority of the patient (68%) delivered by vaginal delivery which were either spontaneous or induced and only 32% underwent caesarean section. Common indication for cesarean section was fetal distress (34.37%). Conclusion: PROM is Common complication during pregnancy some of the risk factors for PROM found in this representative study are preventable and thus provide guidance about how pregnancies should be managed to reduce the occurrence of PROM in the future.