Complications of Neck Space Infection

Abstract

Objectives: Neck Spaces are potential space created by cervical fascia. Neck space infections are life threatening and can even cause death. This study was done to identify the common complications of neck space infection. Methods: This cross sectional observational analytical study was carried out in the department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, during a period of July 2015 to June 2016 on 150 cases selected purposively. All parameters including age, gender, risk factors, presentation, site, bacteriology, complications and required interventions were studied. Results: Mean age of the patients was 35±17 years. Majority of them were male (69.10%). More than half of the patients (53.30%) came from middle class. Thirty-eight patients suffered from diabetes, an important risk factor. Pain, neck swelling, dysphagia, fever, and trismus were common presentations. Submandibular space was mostly affected (41.3%). Complications were recorded in 55 (36.6%) patients. Most common was airway complications 40 (73%). Others were skin defect, necrotizing fasciitis, mediastinitis, marginal
mandibular nerve palsy, septicemia and osteomyelitis. Mortality occurred in 17(11.33%) cases. Conclusion: Neck space infections are more common in male patients in our study. Different complications were seen in nearly one-third of patients and diabetes mellitus was the commonest risk factors. Submandibular space was most commonly affected area. Common presentation was pain and swelling of the neck.