Incidence of Port Site Infection Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy — A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract

Introduction: Port site infection (PSI), although rare, is one of the troublesome complications that undermine the benefits of minimally invasive surgery. Laparoscopy has replaced open surgery due to its many advantages, including minimal invasion, less pain, wider field of view, more aesthetic scars, and earlier discharge. Methods and Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted from July to December 2022 in the Department of Surgery of Enam Medical College and Hospital, Savar, Bangladesh. The subjects were 150 patients of both sexes aged 23 to 65 years. As a routine procedure, all patients received the prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotic ceftriaxone 1 g stat via intravenous infusion at the time of induction of anesthesia. All data were collected in a predesigned form and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean age of studied patients group ranging from 23 to 65 years are 41.6 years. Majority (130/150, 86.66%) of the patients were female. The highest percentage of BMI was recorded (47.3%) between 18.5 and 40 kg/m². 42 Patient out of 150 with high BMI (>30Kg/m²), (28%) faced difficulty in gall bladder extraction leading to spillage of bile and stones. 8 out of 28 developed port site SSI later. Patient with low BMI (<30kg/m²) also had PSI in 2 cases of ELC. Port Site Infection (PSI) occurred in 10 patients (8 females and 2 males), which constituted 6.66% of the study population. Out of these cases, 1(10%) case was deep seated and rest of the 2 were superficial infection. Conclusion: Special consideration should be taken in chronic deep surgical site infection like port site persistent sinus. Most of the PSIs are superficial which got cured with regular dressing and more common in females.