Risk Factors Associated with Adolescent Pregnancy and Outcome of Adolescent Pregnancy during the Study Period

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescence is the stage of life when the carefree child matures into a responsible adult. Adolescent pregnancy is a complex and frustrating problem in obstetric practice. It is a problem that affects both developed and developing countries. Aim of the study:To identify the risk factors associated with adolescent pregnancy and the outcome of adolescent pregnancy during the study period. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from April 2019 to September 2019. A total of 105 participants were included in the study. The sampling procedure was a purposive technique. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science (SPSS) for windows version 16. Ethical clearance for the study was taken from the Ethical review committee of Dhaka Medical College. Results: The majority of adolescents’ mothers were between 17 years to 19 years (87.62%). In both groups majority were housewives (88.57%).39.05% had been illiterate, 20% could sign only, and 88.57% of patients belonged to low socioeconomic condition. Only 8.57% of patients used contraceptive methods regularly. Maximum 62.86% were anemia and 20.95% were edema. Eclampsia (7.62%), preeclampsia (9.52%), preterm labor (7.62%), prolong labor (11.43%). Postpartum hemorrhage (7.62%), postpartum eclampsia (12.38%). Adolescent mothers delivered low birth weight babies (63.81%) in larger numbers. 5.71% perinatal mortality in adolescent mothers. Conclusion: This study showed that, illiteracy, low socioeconomic status, no use of contraceptives, unplanned pregnancy were the main risk factors of adolescent pregnancy. Regarding outcome this study concluded that, adolescent pregnancy has more complications such as eclampsia, obstructed labor, prolonged labor, oligohydrmnios, PPH, CPD, preterm labor, low birth weight baby, and so on.