Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Ilizarov-Based Gradual Correction of Equinus Foot Deformity: A Prospective Study

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Equinus foot deformity is a common disabling condition that significantly impairs gait and quality of life. Ilizarov-based gradual correction offers a promising treatment approach, yet outcome data from Bangladeshi populations remain limited. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of Ilizarov-based gradual correction of equinus foot deformity. Methods & Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted at Kushtia Medical College Hospital, Kushtia, Bangladesh, from January 2021 to December 2025. A total of 25 patients with equinus foot deformity underwent Ilizarov-based gradual correction. Clinical and functional outcomes were assessed using standardized scoring systems. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The mean preoperative equinus angle was 38.4° ± 9.6°, which was corrected to 4.2° ± 2.8° postoperatively (p<0.001). Excellent functional outcomes were achieved in 68.0% of patients (n=17), good in 20.0% (n=5), and fair/poor in 12.0% (n=3). Pin site infection occurred in 24.0% (n=6), and recurrence in 8.0% (n=2). Mean fixator time was 14.8 ± 3.6 weeks. Conclusion: Ilizarov-based gradual correction provides effective deformity correction and favorable functional outcomes in patients with equinus foot deformity, with acceptable complication rates. This technique is a reliable treatment option in resource-limited settings.