Evaluation of Adolescent Girls with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in a Gynecology Outpatient Department

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological problem among adolescent girls and is frequently associated with anemia, school absenteeism and reduced quality of life. Early identification of its causes is essential for proper management and prevention of complications. Methods & Materials: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Gynecology Outpatient Department of Bangladesh Medical University from January to December 2025. A total of 150 adolescent girls aged 10-19 years presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding were included using purposive sampling. Detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations were performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: The majority of participants were in the 14-16 years age group (44.70%), followed by 17-19 years (36.60%) and 10-13 years (18.70%). Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most common complaint (61.30%), followed by irregular menstruation (49.30%). Ovulatory dysfunction was the leading cause of AUB (64.00%), followed by polycystic ovarian syndrome (16.00%), bleeding disorders (7.30%), thyroid disorders (5.30%), pelvic inflammatory disease (4.00%) and structural causes (3.40%). Anemia was highly prevalent; 36.00% had mild anemia, 32.70% moderate anemia and 8.70% severe anemia, while only 22.60% had normal hemoglobin levels. Conclusion: Ovulatory dysfunction is the most common cause of AUB among adolescent girls, with a high burden of anemia and heavy menstrual bleeding. Early evaluation and timely management are essential to reduce morbidity and improve quality of life.