Clinico-pathological features of breast cancer: A Hospital-Based Case-control Study

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in females. It has a major impact on health of women. According to a World Health Organization [WHO] estimate, more than 1.2 million people are diagnosed with breast cancer worldwide every year. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of breast cancer patient Methodology: This case control study was conducted in Department of Surgery, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and Shaheed Shamsuddin Hospital, Sylhet during January 2012 to June 2012. Sixty-five women with breast cancer fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken in case group and age-stratified random sample of 65 women without breast
cancer were taken in control group. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48.9 (SD ±8.7) years in case group and 47.8 (SD ±8.7) years in control group (p>0.05). Breast lump (96.9%) was the most common presentation. Tumour size was between 2.1 to 5 cm in 36 (55.4%) patients, tumour size was >5 cm in 27 (41.5%) patients and tumour size was <2 cm in 2 (3.1%) patients. Lymph node was positive in 17 (26.2%) cases and negative in 48 (73.8%) cases. The most of the cases 50 (76.9%) histological type of the tumour in this study were invasive ductal carcinoma and 9 (13.9%) were ductal carcinoma in situ and rest 6 (9.2%) were invasive lobular carcinoma. Grade-III constituted 30 (46.2%) cases, grade-II in 24 (36.9%) cases and grade-I in 11 (16.9%) cases. Stage-II constituted 27(41.6%) cases, stage-III in 21 (32.3%) cases, stage-IV in 11 (16.9%) cases and stage-I in 6 (9.2%) cases. Conclusion: Most of the patients in our country present with advanced stage of breast cancer, at which time there would metastasis leading to a low survival rate. Early detection and therapeutic advances have been made with considerable improvement in disease-free
and overall survival in breast cancer.