Functional Outcomes and Complications after Total Hip Arthroplasty in Adult Patients

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Total hip arthroplasty is an established surgical intervention for advanced hip disorders, providing substantial pain relief and functional restoration. The global demand for this procedure continues to rise due to ageing populations and expanded surgical indications. Despite extensive international data, prospective outcome reports from resource-limited settings remain limited.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate functional outcomes and early postoperative complications following primary total hip arthroplasty in adult patients. Methods & Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, 250 Bed General Hospital, Pabna and City Health Aid Hospital, Pabna, Bangladesh, from December 2022 to December 2024. A total of 35 adult patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty were included. Functional assessment was performed using the Harris Hip Score, Oxford Hip Score and Visual Analogue Scale preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Postoperative complications were documented during follow-up. Results: The mean Harris Hip Score improved from 41.8 ± 7.6 preoperatively to 88.6 ± 5.4 at 6 months (p < 0.001). The Oxford Hip Score increased from 19.6 ± 4.3 to 41.2 ± 3.8 (p < 0.001). Pain scores decreased significantly from 8.2 ± 0.9 to 1.6 ± 0.8 (p < 0.001). Excellent and good outcomes were achieved in 80.0% of patients. Overall, 14.3% experienced at least one complication, with superficial infection being the most common. Conclusion: Primary total hip arthroplasty demonstrated significant functional recovery and low early complication rates, supporting its effectiveness and safety in this clinical setting.