Efficacy of Color Doppler Sonography And CA-125 for The Preoperative Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest of the gynecological malignancies, with a 5-year overall survival rate of 35-49%. Because the disease typically produces few early symptoms and is often diagnosed only after it has advanced, early detection and accurate preoperative assessment of ovarian tumours remains challenging. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of colour Doppler sonography and serum CA-125 in the preoperative diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study included 35 patients diagnosed with ovarian tumours who were admitted for operative treatment at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Gynaecologic Oncology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from January to December 2015. Results: The mean age of the participants was 45.1 ± 12.9 years. Lower abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom (45.7%). The majority of tumours (42.9%) measured 5.1-10.0 cm. Histopathology revealed 19 (54.3%) benign and 16 (45.7%) malignant tumours. The novel index showed the highest sensitivity (75.0%), accuracy (80.0%), positive predictive value (80.0%), and negative predictive value (80.0%) among the individual parameters. RI demonstrated the highest specificity (89.5%). Serum CA-125 showed 68.8% sensitivity, 84.2% specificity, and 77.1% accuracy. On ROC analysis, NI showed a high AUC of 0.933, followed by CA-125 (AUC 0.911), RI (0.775), and PI (0.699). Conclusion: The novel index demonstrated favourable diagnostic performance and may provide useful additional information for the preoperative differentiation of benign and malignant ovarian tumours. Colour Doppler indices and serum CA-125 may serve as complementary tools in preoperative assessment.