Evaluation of Anterior Segment Biometric Changes After Phacoemulsification Surgery with Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation Measured with A-Scan Biometry

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Cataract is one of the most common causes of preventable blindness in the world, and the gold standard surgical treatment is phacoemulsification (PHACO) with posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. This study aimed to assess the changes in anterior segment biometry, particularly anterior chamber depth ACD, before and after PHACO surgery with PCIOL, using A-scan biometry. Methods & Materials: This prospective observational study was conducted at Mugda Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2024 to December 2025. 100 patients who had uncomplicated PHACO with PCIOL implantation were enrolled. The A-scan ultrasonic biometer was used to measure ACD at baseline (preoperative) and on the 7th postoperative day (POD) and at one month postoperatively. Data were entered and analyzed on SPSS version 26. Results: The mean age was 61.8 ± 8.7 years, and 56% were male. Age-related cataract was the commonest diagnosis, 62%. Mean ACD increased significantly from 2.92 ± 0.28 mm preoperatively to 3.54 ± 0.31 mm on the 7th POD and 3.58 ± 0.30 mm at one month. The mean increases were 0.62 mm and 0.66 mm, respectively, both statistically significant, p < 0.001. Conclusions: PHACO surgery along with PCIOL, results in a clinically and statistically significant deepening of the ACD, especially in patients with shallow preoperative ACD. These biometric changes are well monitored by A-scan ultrasonic biometry.