Association of Serum CA-125 with Preeclampsia in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Open Access

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder causing significant maternal and perinatal complications; this study aimed to investigate the association of CA-125 as a potential biomarker for PE due to placental inflammation and impaired trophoblast invasion. Methods & Materials: The case-control study was carried in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Child and Mother Health (ICMH), Matuail, Dhaka. The sampling method was purposive according to the availability of the patients. Data were collected from women aged 18-35 years where patients with PE (n=38) were considered as cases and the healthy pregnancy (n=38) were the controls. The serum CA-125 level of both cases and controls were measured in the laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department. The descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out using SPSSv26. p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: The mean serum CA-125 level was significantly higher in PE (32.7 ± 6.97 U/ml) cases than in healthy women (14.6 ± 6.93 U/ml) (p=0.001). Patients with serum CA-125 level ≥ 35.0 U/ml had 6.07 times more chance to have PE compared to those with serum CA-125 level <35.0 U/ml (p=0.005; OR=6.07; 95% CI=1.56-23.55). There was a significant positive correlation of serum Ca-125 level with both systolic blood pressure (r=0.759, p<0.001) and diastolic blood pressure pressure (r=0.732, p<0.001) and also with proteinuria (rs=0.715, p<0.001). Conclusion: Serum CA-125 levels were significantly increased in preeclampsia with positively correlated with blood pressure.