Retrospective Evaluation of Laparoscopic Gynecologic Interventions and Histopathological Correlations: A Hospital-Based Study

Open Access

Abstract

Introduction: Laparoscopic surgery has become a cornerstone in modern gynecology, offering minimally invasive alternatives for both diagnostic and therapeutic management of various conditions. Despite the benefits associated with it, intraoperative laparoscopic impressions do not always correlate well with histopathological findings. Therefore, evaluation for diagnostic accuracy needs to be done. The present study was undertaken with the aim of assessing laparoscopic gynecologic interventions and their histopathological correlations. Methods & Materials: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jalalabad Ragib-Rabeya Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh, reviewing all laparoscopic gynecologic procedures performed from January 2024 to December 2024. A total of 134 patients who underwent laparoscopic interventions for benign and suspected malignant gynecologic conditions were included. Data analyses were done with SPSS version 26. Result: Among 134 laparoscopic gynecologic procedures, cystectomy was most common (49.3%), followed by diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation (16.4%) and salpingectomy (11.2%). Adnexal masses were the leading indication (53.7%). Serous cystadenoma was the most frequent histopathological finding (18.7%), with dermoid and endometriotic cysts each at 8.2%. Complication and conversion rates were low (6.7% and 3.7%, respectively), and overall concordance between laparoscopic findings and histopathology was high (91%). Conclusion: This study revealed that adnexal pathologies, mainly ovarian cysts, represented the most frequent indications for laparoscopic intervention, with predominant intervention being cystectomy. The main histopathological result was serous cystadenoma. The complication and conversion rates were low. The high diagnostic–histopathologic concordance confirms that laparoscopy is a safe, effective, and reliable tool in managing benign gynecologic conditions.