Clinical Study on Feto-Maternal Outcomes among Teenage Pregnanciesin A Secondary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy continues to be a pressing public health issue worldwide, with profound implications for maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Understanding the demographic characteristics, obstetric features, and associated complications among teenage pregnancies is essential for informing targeted interventions and improving outcomes for adolescent mothers and their infants. In this study, we aim to explore the multifaceted dimensions of teenage pregnancy, examining demographic profiles, obstetric characteristics, maternal complications, delivery outcomes, and neonatal health outcomes. Methods & Materials: This prospective study at Naogaon Medical College from July 2021 to July 2022 analyzed 108 teenage pregnancies, examining demographics, obstetric features, maternal and neonatal complications, and maternal outcomes. Participants were selected via purposive sampling. Result: This study on teenage pregnancy revealed a predominance of adolescents aged 15-18 years, with secondary education and married status being common. A significant proportion of pregnancies had gestational ages below 20 weeks. Maternal complications included hypertensive disorders, abortions, PROM, lactational failure and anemia, while neonatal complications comprised low birth weight and respiratory distress. Vaginal deliveries slightly outnumbered cesarean sections, with most infants weighing between 1500-3000 grams. Maternal mortality was absent, but morbidity was reported in 7.4% of cases. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the complexities of teenage pregnancy, revealing significant findings across demographic, obstetric, and neonatal domains. Despite advancements in maternal healthcare, teenage mothers face considerable challenges, including a higher prevalence of maternal and neonatal complications.