Screening for cervical carcinoma with VIA in Dhaka National Medical College

Abstract

Background: Cancer is the one of the critical diseases that people are face in world wide. In women cervical cancer is commonly seen. Due to unconciosness or lack of knowledge still cervical cancer .cases seen in higher in rural area of bangaldesh. Objective: The purpose was to evaluate the outcome of screening procedure of cervical carcinoma by Visual Inspection of cervix with Acetic acid at DNMC. Methods and materials: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Dhaka National Medical College from January 2019 to December 2020, where screening with VIA was provided for 2208 women. Atotal 2208 patients who were suspected as suffering from cervical carcinoma of uterus and attended gynaecology out-patient depertment ( OPD) were included as sample of this study. Visual Inspection of cervix with Acetic acid (VIA) and lugols iodine test were done at DNMC and colposcopy with targated biopsy for histopathological examination was done on positive cases. It was an opportunistic screening program. The screening algorithm involved a single visit for screen-negative women and 2-3 visits for screen-positive women, Results: Most of the patients belong to 42-51years age group, 60%.and majority were multigravida, 95.8%. 41.7% just completed their secondary level of education followed by maximum patients were from lower socioeconomic family. According to study from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020, VIA screening was provided for 2208 women where positive case was found in 192 (15.33%) cases in January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019, , where as in January 2020 to December 2020 the number of positive cases was to 12.65%. According to colposcoic findings where among 313 patients, 46.32% cases were normal colposcopicfndings followed by 82 had CIN-I cases, 38 had CIN-II cases, 19 had CIN-III cases, 9 had invasive carcinoma cases. Where on histopathological examination, 55 women were diagnosed with CIN-I, 13 with CIN-II, 10 with CIN-III, and 5 with invasive cancer. Conclusion: From our study we can say that, A VIA-based program would aid in the development of cervical neoplasia screening, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as raise cervical cancer prevention awareness in Bangladesh.