The Influence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) on Infertility andTreatment Outcomes

Abstract

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, frequently leading to infertility. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of PCOS on infertility treatment outcomes, focusing on ovulation rates, pregnancy rates, live birth rates, miscarriage rates, and pregnancy complications in women undergoing infertility treatments. Methods and Materials: This was a cohort study conducted from January, 2023 to June, 2024 involving 200 women seeking treatment for infertility. Participants included 120 women diagnosed with PCOS and 80 non-PCOS women as controls. Baseline data, hormonal profiles, and treatment outcomes were collected. Participants underwent standard infertility treatments such as ovulation induction, intrauterine insemination (IUI), or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Hormonal markers, including LH/FSH ratios, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and testosterone levels, were measured. Treatment outcomes such as ovulation, pregnancy, live birth rates, and complications were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Successful ovulation was achieved in 75% of PCOS women compared to 87.5% in the non-PCOS group. Clinical pregnancy rates were 41.7% in the PCOS group and 56.3% in the control group, while live birth rates were 33.3% in PCOS women compared to 43.8% in non-PCOS participants. Miscarriage rates were higher in the PCOS group (8.3% vs. 6.3%). The PCOS group showed elevated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: 3.5 ± 1.4) and testosterone levels (80 ± 20 ng/dL) compared to controls. Conclusion: PCOS significantly affects infertility treatment outcomes, resulting in lower ovulation, pregnancy, and live birth rates, alongside higher rates of miscarriage and gestational diabetes.