Mortality and morbidity associated with acute poisoning cases in atertiary care hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Acute poisoning is the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh, as well as a serious public health issue around the world. There is limited of information on acute poisoning in the studied area. Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate treatment outcomes, mortality and morbidity risk factors in patients with acute poisoning. Methods & Materials: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Kurmitola General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2020 to January 2024. A total of 170 patient’s medical records were examined. Of them, 150 patient’s medical records had complete information and were used in the final study. All collected data was entered into a Microsoft Excel Worksheet and evaluated with descriptive statistics in SPSS 24.0. Results: Most of participants, 89 (59.3%), were aged 19-37 years. More over half of the participants, 86 (57.3%), were female. Organophosphate was the most common poisoning agent in 62 instances. Acetaminophen was the most common drug poisoning agent found in 10 subjects. Of the 30 patients treated with antidotes, 18 received atropine for organophosphate poisoning. During the study period, 16.7% of poisoning cases resulted in deaths. Self-poisoning participants had a 2.4 times higher risk of poor treatment outcomes compared to those who were poisoned accidently (95% confidence interval: 1.10–5.42). Participants who were poisoned by medications were 2.13 times more likely to experience poor treatment outcomes (95% confidence interval: 1.21-3.32). Conclusion: The majority of cases in our analysis had acute poisoning, which was more prevalent at home and linked to oral organophosphate use. Drug and mode of poisoning were important risk factors for mortality and morbidity, which are linked to inadequate acute poisoning treatment results.