Life Style Modification among Diabetic Patients in Bangladesh— A Single Centre Hospital-Based Study

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (T2DM) is a global health concern, with a rising prevalence in developing countries like Bangladesh. Lifestyle modifications play a crucial role in managing T2DM, impacting various clinical parameters and overall patient well-being.

Methods and materials: A total of 85 patients diagnosed with T2DM at the outpatient department of Satkhira Medical College and Hospital, Satkhira, Bangladesh, were included in this study. Participants were followed up at 2 months post-intervention, with lifestyle and dietary modifications being the primary focus.

Result: In our study with 85 participants, predominantly male (68.24%), we observed significant clinical improvements following lifestyle interventions. The average age was 42.14±12years, and the initial BMI was 28.71±5. Key findings include a substantial decrease in fasting plasma glucose from 137.42 mg/dL to 129.42 mg/dL (p<0.001) and a reduction in 2-hour postprandial glucose from 215.35 mg/dL to 187.74 mg/dL (p<0.001). The mean HbA1c level improved from 8.13% to 7.24%. Lipid profiles showed favourable changes, with total cholesterol decreasing to 5.37 mmol/L, LDL-C to 3.21 mmol/L, and triglycerides to 1.67 mmol/L, while HDL-C slightly increased to 1.04 mmol/L. Serum creatinine levels also decreased to 1.72 mg/dL (p=0.007)—notably, smoking and alcohol consumption among participants reduced to 21.18% and 1.18%, respectively.

Conclusion: The study highlights the positive impact of lifestyle and dietary modifications in managing T2DM, particularly in reducing key metabolic parameters. The findings underscore the need for personalized diabetes management strategies and the importance of lifestyle interventions in improving clinical outcomes.