Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease in Children— A Cross-sectional Study in 250 Bed District Hospital in Northern Region of Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major problem of heart’s structure and function which is present at birth. Congenital heart disease is commonly genetic defect and diverse abnormalities occurs due to this type of birth defect. A study reported the incidence of CHD ranged between 1.0- 150 per 1000 live births worldwide.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study which was conducted at the department of Pediatrics, in 250 Bedded District Hospital, Thakurgaon, in northern region of Bangladesh. The study was conducted during the period of March 2019- February 2022.  The total sample size for this study was 135.

Results: Most of the patients 87(64.4%) were diagnosed during the age of day 29 – 12 month, 34(25.2 %) of patients were diagnosed during neonatal period and only 14(10.4%) were diagnosed during 1-12 years. Male were found clearly the most predominant in this study. 120(89%) had acyanotic CHD and only 15(11%) had cyanotic CHD. ASD, VSD and PDA was the most common pattern of CHD among the study children. Other pattern of CHD like Valvular HD, Ebstein Anomaly, Tetralogy of Fallot, TGA, AVSD, PA- VSD, Truncus Arteriosus, DORV, HPLHS, Single Ventricle and TAPVR was not very common among the study patients.

Conclusion: With the development of diagnostic capacity and neonatal care, timely detection of CHD is probable by 2D and caler echocardiography which can help to ensure timely treatment and contribute to better treatment outcome.