Requiring Mechanical Ventilation in Neonates’ Respiratory Distress Syndrome — Short-Term Outcomes

Abstract

Backgrounds: There has been a dramatic fall in neonatal mortality in developed countries with the advent of mechanical ventilation and the protocol based management of neonatal intensive care. But still fatality rate is very high in developing countries. So, this study was carried out to see the immediate hospital outcome of the neonates who required mechanical ventilation. Objectives: This study was carried out to see the immediate outcome of neonates who required mechanical ventilation to relate the immediate outcome with diseases for which mechanical ventilation was initiated. Methods and material: This study was carried out in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, CMH Dhaka from January 2016 to December 2016. Neonates who required mechanical ventilation during the study period were prospectively enrolled in this study. During the time of mechanical ventilation neonates were followed up for any complication till discharge or death. Results: Total 30 neonates were enrolled in the study. Among them 22 (73.3%) of the neonates were preterm and 8 (26.7%) were term, 25 (83.3%) having birth weight <2500 gm. Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) was the most common reason for mechanical ventilation accounting for 11 (36.7%), other indications were Perinatal asphyxia 7 (23.3%), Septicemia 6 (20.0%), Congenital pneumonia 5 (16.7%), and Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) 1 (3.3%). Conclusions: In this study, the most common causes of Mechanical Ventilation (MV) were Respiratory Distress Syndrome followed by Perinatal asphyxia and Septicemia. Outcome was good in RDS and poor in Septicemia and Perinatal asphyxia.